Health Care System: Private or Public Essay

Main Argument: Is America’s health-care system better than Canada’s? Thoresen, S. T. , & Fielding, A. (2011). Universal health care in Thailand: Concerns among the health care workforce. Health Policy, 99(1), 17-22. Retrieved from https://0-www-clinicalkey-com. catalog. lib. cmich. edu/ Stian H. Thoresen and Angela Fielding, authors of the article â€Å"Universal health care in Thailand: Concerns among the health care workforce†, write about the controversial topic of public health care from the Thai health care professionals perspective. The article is based off of interviews with health care professionals who work in dealing with patients who are covered by public health care. One quote, â€Å"Health care professionals at public hospitals, particularly in rural areas, have experienced up to a doubling in the number of daily out-patients; many with superficial symptoms,† is what Thoresen and Fielding were under the impression of after the interviews. They also followed up with another quote stating, â€Å"While the improved access to health care provisions was welcomed, questions regarding the appropriateness of seeking medical advice were raised. This specific article is perfect for my topic in a number of ways. Thoresen and Fielding bring up their findings perfectly because they use their interviews with professionals who work in public health care to back up their argument. This would be a great source for my paper because not only is it a real life example of public health care, it is another country with public health care which would show that the point is to not bash the Canadian health care system, but to show an international comparison. The two authors stated, â€Å"There are potentials for health care professionals to congregate in the private sector and urban areas where workloads are perceived to be less demanding. † Relating back to a previous quote, it was understood that public health care equals more health care facilities populated with patients, whereas with private, it seems it is not so crowded which can lead one to believe that patients are only seeking care when absolutely needed. Thoresen and Fielding bring up a debatable argument that is universal to all (private and public health care owners) and present their findings appropriately. Funds have been set in place to build what he explained as a â€Å"public-private partnership†. This type of health care system is all made possible because of a philanthropy type fund from different organizations. Dolan explains, â€Å"The fund will rely on $87 million in loans from Morgan Stanley in exchange for tax credits to build 500 new affordable housing units and eight new health centers serving 75,000 people. † Dolan’s article, â€Å"U. S. news: Public-private fund aims at health care, housing gap†, would fit in my paper as an example how people can make the best out of private health care. Private versus public health care is so controversial due to the fact that one party, whether it be the patients or professionals, are going to suffer expense wise. Of course private health care is more costly for the average person than public health care; Dolan explains a way for both the people of private health care, as well as health care services to get a fair end of the deal. He explains the idea well due to the fact that solves the problem by bringing up an existing way to help out with private health care. Quotes from this article could easily be included into the topic of my paper. Dolan, rather than a farfetched idea like switching to private health care overnight, approaches the argument with more encouragement. Culyer, A. J. (1989). The normative economics of health care finance and provision. Oxford Journals, 5(1), 34-58. A. J. Culyer, writer of the article â€Å"The normative economics of health care finance and provision†, better explains many fine points of public health care. Culyer explains that while many believe that public health care comes along with a lot of excess spending, the real crisis is the â€Å"underfunding†. Since the government acts as the main source of funding for health care, it actually can work against the common good of the people. A. J. states that the concern of underfunding has given rise to bring up proposals for reform which includes a greater role for private insurance, out-of-pocket payments, and private health care. Although A. J. Culyer’s article is wrote in response to the medical ‘crisis’ of the UK, it still would act as a great example to show positive aspects of private health care. It is true that many believe that public health care has a lot of excess spending, but apparently, a big problem in this particular type of health care is the underfunding. Culyer’s article would be crucial in my paper because he proposes another example that would make one question public health care. It is true that the government is the main source of funds in public health care, but when assets are going towards other organizations as well money can become split up and threatened. Culyer incorporates this idea without coming off too strong, but rather makes the public health care system questionable.  Berman, M. (n. d. ). Although the main focus has been the benefits of private health care, Micah Berman offers insight on why public health care works for some countries. This article is written specifically on focuses of the U. S. health care reform in 2011. The cost of medical care in the U. S. and the Affordable Act of 2010 are two of the main topics discussed in the article. The author’s main point is that the U. S. should focus on the prevention of chronic disease, instead of treatment when those diseases appear. Berman genuinely believes that this type of reform would cut medical costs drastically. The point of my paper is not to come off demanding but informational with many sources which is why another side to the health care system is essential. Micah Berman has one quote in the article that really caught my attention, â€Å"We don’t have a health care system in America. We have a sick care system. If you get sick, you get care. But precious little is spent to keep people healthy in the first place. † It may be true that the U. S. has some of the best health care services and technology in the world, but it may also have some of the most demanding patients as well. People seem to be so focused on what types of characteristic a better health care, or in their hopes, a cheaper health care, would have, that they forget to take care of themselves in the process.

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (

A landmark court case that occurred in the early 1950†³s resulted in the desegregation of public schools. This historic Supreme Court case was known as Brown vs. Board of Education. The place was Topeka, Kansas, 1951. A little girl named Linda Brown and her father, Oliver Brown, attempted to enroll Linda in a neighborhood elementary school that accepted whites only. The request was denied, by the White elementary school. The little girl only lived a few blocks from the White elementary school, which would have been a good fit for her. Instead, she ended up traveling about a mile each day to attend the nearest Black school. Mr. Brown decided to request the help of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). The NAACP was glad to help in the fight. Mr. Brown and the NAACP moved forward and challenged the segregation law. In 1892, the Plessy vs. Ferguson decision had set a precedent for the issue of â€Å"separate but equal,† which had been applied to school in the Southern states since then. Parents in other states were also pursuing the challenge to the â€Å"separate but equal† doctrine in South Carolina, Virginia, and Delaware. Mr. Brown†s case was heard by the U. S. District Court for the District of Kansas. The request by Mr. Brown was to prohibit segregation of the public schools in Topeka. The NAACP argued to the court that separating Black children from White children was sending a wrong type of message to the Black children. The message being sent was that Black children were somehow inferior to Whites and that there was no way that the education being provided could be equal. On the other hand, the Board of Education argued that segregation was a fact of life in the states where these children attended school, and that segregated schools helped prepare the children for the reality of what their adult lives would be like (Robinson 2005). The Board of education went on to cite different successful educated American, none of whom attended integrated schools, such as Frederick Douglass, George Washington Carver, and Booker T. Washington. In handing down their decision, the judges in this case wrote that â€Å"colored children†¦ † suffered a â€Å"detrimental effect† from segregation of the schools (Robinson 2005). However, they believed that the legal precedent set by the Plessy vs. Ferguson case prevented them from issuing the requested injunction and the result was that they ruled in favor of the Topeka Board of Education. Mr. Brown and the NAACP appealed the case and it went to the United States Supreme Court in the latter part of 1951. The case was combined with the Delaware, Virginia, and South Carolina cases. The Supreme Court handled this case very delicately and deliberated for quite sometime. The case was first heard by the Supreme Court, but a decision was not made at that time. Various interpretations of the Fourteenth Amendment were discussed and whether the Plessy vs. Ferguson case had violated it. The case was heard again by the Supreme Court in December of 1953. Thurgood Marshall, who was the first African American Supreme Court Justice, gladly argued for Brown and the NAACP. Finally, a decision was made. On May 17, 1954, the U. S. Supreme Court issued the following decision: â€Å"†¦ Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities may be equal, deprive the children of the minority group of equal education opportunities? We believe that it does†¦ We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of â€Å"separate but equal† has no place†¦ (Brown vs. Board 1954). The Supreme Court tasked the nation with implementing this historic decision with deliberate speed. Recognizing the value of education, the court ruled unanimously in favor of equity. The Supreme Court declared that education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments. It prepares our children for later professional training and in helping him to adjust normally to his environment. The court also declared that it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education. But the vagueness of the phrase combined with continued bigotry slowed the process, in some cases to a standstill. With the segregation of public schools declared unconstitutional, segregationists across the South sprang into action to prevent the implementation of public school integration. Some states began to pass state laws to uphold segregation, which then had to be challenged in court by the federal government, one by one, delaying black children from attending White schools. Councils began to be developed, by segregationists, to fight against desegregation. One of the most dramatic occurred in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957, when White mobs screamed threats at nine Black high school students and blocked them, as they tried to go into their new school for the first time. The Black students were unsuccessful, unfortunately. The president at the time was President Eisenhower, of whom ended up calling in the National Guard to protect them so they could enter the school. President Eisenhower had to call in the National Guard to escort black children to an Arkansas school that refused to integrate. Other communities used different tactics to resist. In Virginia, schools closed rather than desegregate. Elsewhere, some white families migrated to suburbs. Some black parents kept their children in the same black schools to avoid conflict. Families who chose white schools under freedom of choice plans, allowing black children attend any school in a district, received threats. In at least one instance, a cross was burned outside the home of a family. Across the nation, the 1954 Supreme Court decision brought forth dreams of heightened hope and yet resistance, as well. According to Benjamin Mays, the backbone of segregation had been broken. Martin Luther King expressed that the decision was a joyous day-break after a long desolate midnight (Moss 2004, 63). In conclusion, school desegregation was not an issue that was resolved overnight; rather, it was the persistence of those against segregation and the realization of the unequality that it was enduring upon our children that pushed the historic decision that will never be forgotten. Fifty years after the decision was made, it stands to reason that generations of U. S. students have benefited from its relief. The ruling spawned other protectionist laws, Title IX, for example, which specifically extends Brown's principles to gender, that prohibit noncompliant institutions from receiving federal funds, and it cleared the educational paths of millions of minority students. Yet today, people's impressions of the impact of the decision vary as widely as their personal experiences. Baby boomers recall a time of expanded opportunity and change, while younger generations, nowadays, feel that the current classroom compositions are what they are, with the law behind them, the issue simply fills the pages in their history books. Although the Brown case directly addressed racial discrimination in public schools, the case has had great significance for women, as well. The Brown vs. Board of education decision was the legal decision necessary to stop segregation in its tracks. By the time the decision was handed down by the Supreme Court, Linda Brown had already moved on to attend middle school.

Selecting a Disciple-Maker's Message Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Selecting a Disciple-Maker's Message - Essay Example These are tradition, observation, participation, and inspiration (Servants of Grace, The Disciple-Maker’s Message). To further discuss these points that the author made, tradition was used to pertain to the teaching and doctrines God relayed to his disciples when he was still alive. This source is a basis of credibility that needs to be established by any evangelist to ensure that the message truly came from God and is not any person’s own understanding or interpretation of God’s word which is subject to error. Also, in being able to cite certain scriptures from the Bible that directly came from God’s word would mean the avoidance of false teachings or prophecies. Observation, the second source to which a disciple-maker should shape his or her message from is also very significant in such a way that one is able to know how to approach one’s audience. People who still do not have any knowledge of God’s word would take a spiritual message diffe rently because of what they were taught, where they came from, what they are currently going through and etc. With this said, being able to shape an effective message that would open their hearts to God would entail knowing which among God’s promises in Bible to highlight. ... This will not only give them hope but also make them realize that no matter what kind of past they have, it is never too late to get to know our loving God. The final source is inspiration, which for me, means praying and allowing the Holy Spirit to speak through you. This for me is also a very important reminder that what you are doing is for God’s glory and not your own. When it comes to the forms of a disciple-maker’s message, Mitchell suggests tackling forms such as the subject matter, environment, life experiences, and one’s own life as a model (Servants of Grace, The Disciple-Maker’s Message). The subject matter is the main message that the disciple wants to convey. Being able to choose a specific topic is key in being able to convey a simple and yet clear message your audience can easily understand and absorb. Environment pertains to one’s choice of audience, where knowing their behavior and experiences can be very helpful in shaping an effec tive message. The third & fourth form, which is life experience & the communicators’ life/message are basically a sharing of testimonials to help the audience know how to apply God’s word into real life which is at most tricky for all of us and yet is a very good source of inspiration that despite the impossibility of living a Christian life, our loving and forgiving God gives us the grace to do so. 2 With all these said, I could see so many teachings in the Bible that corresponds to the points Mitchell made in shaping an effective evangelical message. According to 1 Corinthians 2:6, â€Å"We do, however, speak a message of wisdom among the mature, but not the wisdom of this age or of the rulers of this age, who are coming to nothing† (Bible Gateway, 1

Biology Genetics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Biology Genetics - Essay Example Ito ET. al. (1996) and Ryner et. al. (1996) shared that, sex differences in mating behavior and male sexual behavior among the Drosophila may be attributed to a single gene. Fru gene is created out of spliced transcripts from four distinct promoters. Lee et. al. (2000) added that, FruM is manifested in w2% of neurons in the Central Nervous System of male. These neurons are arranged into 21 distinct clusters in several regions of the ventral ganglia and brain, including some of the areas or regions implicated in male sexual behavior. Similarly, the complex behaviors of insects are related to the organization of their nervous system; the neural pathways from sensory to motor circuits must be properly explored to understand their behaviors; and focused also in the body electrophysiological nature (Lee, 2000). The male P1 transcripts according to Demir & Dickson (2005), encode male-specific proteins (FruM) which are both important and sufficient for male sexual behavior. The aforemention ed literatures and those which were cited under the discussions and implications are quite reliable which supported the study. This research postulated that there are several fruGAL4-expressing neurons which are interconnected in a circuit and are involved in male sexual behavior. This circuit can be named accordingly: Sensory, central, and motor components. Basically, the study is directed towards exploration o... It also intended to assess whether "fruGAL4 reproduces the endogenous pattern of fru P1 transcripts". To achieve these, the proponents conducted gene targeting for labeling and manipulation of neurons, whereby they particularly add the GAL4 exposed reading frame to the fru P1 transcripts. In other words, various GAL4-responsive UAS transgenes were utilized. In fact, they also have stained brains and anterior nerve cords from fruGAL4, UAS-nlacZ heterozygous males with anti- "-galactosidase (anti-"-gal) and anti- FruM antibodies. The membrane tethered GFP reporter (UAS-mCD8-GFP) was utilized to closely observe the actual projection patterns of fruGAL4 neurons among the males and to find out for the potential differences in these projections among the females. Aside from this, to find out whether fru GAL4 ORNs work in male courtship behavior, an FLP-in strategy analogous to that one being used for their anatomical characterization was employed.Single-pair courtship assays were also prep ared, in which males of these genotypes were joined to the wild-type virgin females. These assays were carried out in the dark in order to get rid of any visual cues that might affect or influence courtship, thereby increasing the male's reliance on chemosensory cues. Behavioral Assays, Immunohistochemistry and FLP-in-Silencing Constructs are all very powerful methods and fitted for the study. If we take a closer look on the assumptions and methods presented, the authors considered the classical as well as updated theories and principles for its variables. Thus, a very strong theoretical basis in the pursuit of the approaches or methods used has been established. Approaches utilized are congruent to the expected outcomes.

Romantic Love is a Poor Basis for Marriage Essay

Romantic Love is a Poor Basis for Marriage - Essay Example One day, a love-struck couple marry with all the complements for each other then the next day they are cursing one another in front of a judge. With the growing effects of media and the rampant news of the activities of celebrities which tend to become the models for younger generations nowadays, â€Å"love† is much celebrated and exalted in choosing a partner and deciding on marriage. However, it is interesting to note that â€Å"love† is now understood more on the feelings a person feels towards another rather than its basic ingredients which are patience, kindness, humility, loyalty and others. Men and women alike, now think they are more intelligent, more informed and allow themselves to find out if they have the â€Å"chemistry† to make a marriage work. They test this by staying together under one roof without getting married and if their sexual desires are satisfactorily met, then they decide to marry each other. However, in the long run, they find out that they made a mistake and therefore end up in a divorce. One of the studies on this topic was that of Tennov’s â€Å"limerence† which is the state of â€Å"being in love†, seeing all the good things in a person and disregarding the bad, just simply feeling good about everything that is happening in the relationship. The sad thing about this state is that, it only lasts for around two years (Owens). With the aforementioned study, it could be said that making romantic love the foundation of a relationship is foolish, not unless one plans to change partners every two years. More and more studies are being held these days about love and marriage, with the desire to dig into what makes marriages work. when one looks around, only a handful seem to have all that it takes for a marriage to be happy and lasting at the same time while so many seem to be lost without a manual. Scholars around the world search the differences of marriages, ones that work out and those that d o not. In this extended search, there have been so many conclusions made, suggestions given to couples, seminars held and probably more will be done to inform people and make their relationships work. One thing is for sure, romantic love is not enough to be the basis for marriage. There is a saying that says, â€Å"Love goes out of the window, together with the plates and spoons when there is no food on the table†. In some cases, this is literally true. Couples who joined themselves together in marriage can simply lose their temper when they are clawed by poverty and other troubles. This has been one of the guiding principles of most ancient an more recent eastern marriages. According to the studies of Lawrence Stone regarding English families until the eighteenth century, marriages were made on the basis of need for financial stability and lineage (Macfarlane). Despite this circumstance, many marriages worked well if the basis for such comment would be the lesser divorce rat es as compared to modern statistics. People then lived according to the norms and cultures of their age and space so that they were able to suppress their want to choose the person they would like to marry on the basis of romantic love. Taking into consideration the study on â€Å"

Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sustainability - Essay Example The condition of the planet as well as its ecosystems is wholly depended upon the present as well as the past human activity. This is determined by the interplay of three factors namely the economic, political and social (Hak & Et.Al, â€Å"Sustainability Indicators: A Scientific Assessment†). There seems to be substantial debate over the term ‘sustainability’. Some defines it as a contested and complex concept, however for others; it can be defined as the capacity of something that can be continued for a long period of time. Issues Important for Urban Land Use Economic Sustainability The point worth noticing is that none of the economic systems can be sustainable until and unless it ‘accommodates’ the ecosystem in which it depends. The current system that is based on the notion of continuous economic expansion on planet seems to be damaged. Therefore, there is requirement of applying human creativity to the goals which is to use the natural resources in a productive and efficient manner in order to meet their needs. This goal can be considered as being completely dissimilar from ‘exploiting natures’ and the Third World people. ... The most important consideration in regards to the ecological sustainability is that it needs to be pursued for the human as well as for the species which are around 10-12 million on the planet (Sutton, â€Å"Ecological Sustainability†). To make the concept simpler, the term ecological sustainability can be interpreted as any activity that takes place on earth has to generally continue forever. Ecological sustainability can only be achieved if the activity does not destroy any resources through which the activity actually takes place. There isn’t requirement of inventing the sustainable environment from scratch since it can be modeled by the human in order to simulate natural eco-system. It can be revealed that there are key principles which need to be adhered to for achieving the ecological sustainability. The most important point to keep in mind is that there is requirement of changing the habit of using the resources as if they are infinite by the society. Moreover, greenhouse gas emission needs to be minimized to a greater extent and also there is requirement for some kind of new and improved economic ways that would be based upon the clean, glass technology (Carrie & Danielle, â€Å"General†). Social Sustainability The term social sustainability has a wider implication upon the lives and health of the people of the society. It tends to deal with the complex issues, for instance health, equity, social inclusion and livability. If the community is to be sustainable and function properly then in that case the basic needs of its resident have to be met. A good sustainable community is the one that has the ability to maintain and build on its own resources. On the other hand, it

Examine the relationship between the designer and the art director Essay

Examine the relationship between the designer and the art director - Essay Example That design shall be used throughout the editorial and advertising pages. Each of the magazine issues "had headlines, text columns and the same kind of illustration" (Hollis, yr of book publication, p. 97). The increasing importance of images, then, as an art element in journalism and advertising also raised the degree of participation of an art director because their reproduction and the layout as a whole became his/her responsibility (Hollis, yr of publication). Raizman (year of publication, p.98) characterized the work of an artist/designer as something that had to embody the magazine's content, while the work of an art director, which is the "artifice behind the elegance of the image, the attention to every detail so that it contributed to the total effect" has to be concealed. An art director during those times himself even added that directors plan, co-ordinates and rehearses but does not perform in public. Public performances are left to designers to create cover illustrations in traditional methods. This was exemplified in the works of designer Norman Rockwell for the Saturday Evening Post from the time of the First World War to the 1960's (Hollis, yr of publication). As an antidote to the hardships of the World War years and the impersonal modernity of factory and city, Rockwell created colored illustrations that presented a variety of familiar themes drawn from common middle-class experience, frequently related to seasonal activities and holidays. His idea is to create a sense of community and comfort provided by the family and neighborhood by using common experiences and techniques of naturalistic illustrations to communicate those values (Raizman, year of publication). One of the best examples is the Post's cover in November of 1933 where a young mother is seen spanking a child in his belly on a chair. The story is clearly and simply told. The child broke a piece of decorative chinaware which led the mother to resort to a traditional form of punishment but only while holding a psychology book that has guided her actions. In his attempt to experiment with more expressionistic approach to painting, he created illustrations of a festive family m eal, which is one of four from a series entitled "The Four Freedoms" (Raizman, year of publication, p.226). The illustrations make the reader more comfortable with some of the discomforting information that threatens our confidence in dealing with everyday existence. The Great Economic Crash in 1929 led businesses to formulate designs in order to sell their products. Many advertising executives believed that the purpose of advertisements is to gun for sales and "that the reference to individual artists or works of art focused attention upon the ad as an 'object' rather than the vehicle of promoting a product" (Raizman, year of publication, p.225). Art directors and consultants Art directors and consultants from the advertising industry recognized the importance of images in selling the products, but limited the images to be illustrated to familiar and recognizable images that could be easily grasped by the public rather than abstract ones. Art directors let illustrators and designers accomplish this task with the idea of creating images with which the buyers can easily identify and directly connect to the products. However, because of this imposition by the art directors,

Activity Based Costing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Activity Based Costing - Essay Example Currently at Stream International, there is no defined way of recruiting and appointing people. Personnel management and conductance of HR activities at Stream International do not follow a charted procedure. As given in the case data, 34 different people conduct HR activities. Due to this, some of the activities like payroll, training etc. get duplicated. For Stream International, costs of human resources hiring, training, development and even allocation of resources is getting duplicated. Jobs are getting redundant because too many people are hiring individuals without any consideration of specific requirements categorized by departmental needs, roles and skills demanded. Controlling and supervision is also getting haywire because employees are not under single leadership. Also, due to excessive hiring by a number of HR people, roles have become ambiguous. Thus, people have outnumbered actual job duties. If number of recruiters at Stream International is large and undefined, recruitment will not be efficient because views and opinions will bound to clash and appropriate candidate would be difficult to find who can fulfill wishes of all. As such, first of all, there has to be made a central recruitment team or division which carefully analyzes manpower requirements of divisions, skills demanded and then hires accordingly. Re-engineering the recruitment process has to be undertaken. While doing so, departmental (Leitner 2004:3) dependencies have to be taken into account. For example, if an employee can undertake two activities of two different divisions, there is no need to hire two separate individuals for both the activities. By identifying people requirements based on departments, salaries, bonuses, incentives, training and development and other expenses can be easily apportioned to the respective business so that costs and

War Poems Essay Example for Free

War Poems Essay Wars pre-1914 were very different to WW1. Wars such as the Boer War and the Crimean War were fought by soldiers using mainly sabres and muskets. These wars had little in the way of powerful weaponry such as heavy weight machine guns. WW1 also saw the beginning of trench warfare, tanks, planes and gases. Almost all of the poetry written during WW1 was written while the soldiers were on the front lines. Pre-1914 poetry however, was written by poets back in England. Education really developed during the Victorian times and poets were able to read about the wars going on in other countries. New newspapers and magazines were published, inspiring writers and poets to write about the battles. Even though this was a positive thing, the poets of pre-1914 never had the first hand experience that WW1 poets had. The wars occurred because Britain wanted to build up its empire. The Crimean War arose because Britain and France were afraid of Russia’s power over the collapsing Turkish Empire. The allies landed in the Crimea and war broke out. A number of battles took place in various areas of South Africa against Boer settlers. The Boer War was mainly about the gold and diamond deposits. British troops claimed the land of the Orange Free State and Transvaal in 1900, but the Boers fought back. Britain won eventually, after burning farms and moving women and children into ‘concentration camps’. The poem The Charge of the Light Brigade was written by Alfred Tennyson. He was Poet Laureate at the time of the Crimean War, which took place from 1854 to 1856, between the Allies and Russia. Tennyson based his poem on a newspaper article in The Times. The article briefly explained the events that occurred during the Charge of the Light Brigade. The Charge is a well known example of the bravery and foolishness of war. Tennyson presents war in a noble, devoted way. The first lines of The Charge of the Light Brigade are written in dactylic dimeter. Tennyson uses this technique in the first two lines. â€Å"Half a league, half a league, Half a league onward† It sounds like the galloping of horses. It is an effective way of portraying the image of the horsemen riding into battle, creating the relentlessness of the charge. The notion that the horsemen are in danger is quickly introduced by â€Å"valley of Death†. The word ‘Death’ is personified, giving the idea that death is a figure that looms over the valley. This phrase is repeated three times in the poem, showing that death is inevitable. In verse two the rhetorical question is put forward by Tennyson â€Å"Was there a man dismayed?†. The next line reveals a mistake had been made â€Å"Some one had blundered†. In spite of this fact, the soldiers bravery is highlighted by the lines â€Å"Their’s not to make reply, Their’s not to reason why, Their’s but to do and die†, as all six hundred men courageously rode forward. The first few lines in verse three â€Å"Cannon†, and â€Å"Volleyed and thundered† are examples of onomatopoeia. The words are imitating the cannon fire, when they pull back and then the ball explodes out. You can also visualize the horsemen being surrounded by the cannons, and how brave they are to ride into the â€Å"jaws of Death†. The personification of death makes it even more terrifying. The cavalry is slightly glamorized as their sabres are said to have ‘flashed’, making you think they’re new and shining. Tennyson then goes on to explain the smoke, showing his possible naivety about the war, because if the air was smoky the sabres couldn’t possibly have ‘flashed’. This line is also very similar to â€Å"And the regiment blind with dust and smoke† from Vitai Lampada, There is a loose rhyming scheme throughout the poem. This creates a random effect which could be interpreted as the random stabbing of the sabres. At the end of verse four â€Å"Then they rode back but not, Not the six hundred† the repetition of ‘not’ emphasizes the loss of men. The Charge of the Light Brigade is split into six verses, each verse ending with the words â€Å"six hundred†. The repetition of these words highlights how many people risked and lost their lives in the confrontation with the Russians. The fifth is a repeat of verse three up to the line â€Å"While horse and hero fell.† This is a huge contrast to the alternative line â€Å"Boldly they rode and well† in verse three. The dissimilarity shows the turn of events and emotions. Tennyson focuses on the valour of the soldiers in the last verse, ending with â€Å"Noble six hundred†. This is a very patriotic ending, and is similar in that way to Vitai Lampada. Drummer Hodge was written by Thomas Hardy, who wrote some of the best poems about the Boer War, including A Wife In London. Poetry was very prominent during the Boer War 1899-1902. It was published in the popular newspapers and magazines. Unlike The Charge of the Light Brigade, Drummer Hodge takes a very negative out look on war. It is about a young boy from the country who goes to war as the army drummer to motivate the troops. Hardy based the poem on an article he read in his local newspaper. Thinking how sad it was; he based the poem upon this particular individual. The disrespect for the young boy is shown in the first line â€Å"They throw in Drummer Hodge, to rest†. We know they buried Drummer Hodge without a coffin â€Å"Uncoffined just as found†. The idea that he is in the same state as he was when he died is appalling. The unfamiliarity of the land Hodge is buried in is demonstrated by native words like â€Å"kopji† and â€Å"karoo†. These are South African words. Personification is used effectively in the line â€Å"strange-eyed constellations†. This alludes to the feeling that drummer Hodge is being taken care of by the stars. Hardy also expresses the unfamiliarity by referring to the ‘foreign’ stars at the end of each verse. Hardy is trying to emphasis the young boy’s isolation and by using phrases like â€Å"the broad Karoo† a karoo being a vast desert land, he achieves this. Alternate rhyme is used in Drummer Hodge to create a pace and to help get the point across that we are moving forward in time. The same rhyme scheme is used in The Hyaenas, though it doesn’t have the same effect. The lines â€Å"Grow to some southern treereign His star eternally† suggest that Hodge will live on forever in some way or another. This gives a hopeful ending to a poem that is very negative. Another poem that has a particularly negative outlook on war is A Wife In London, also written by Thomas Hardy. This poem depicts the story of a typical war time wife in London, focusing on the human cost of war. We know this immediately from the title. ‘A’ implies that there were more stories of a similar nature that could be told. Hardy describes a desolate wife awaiting news of her husband, fighting in the Boer War. The poem is ironic and shows how war can so harshly affect someone so far from the fighting. A Wife In London is split into two main sections. The first explains the tragedy that took place, the second section is the irony of the story. Much like Drummer Hodge, A Wife In London can also be split into different time frames. The â€Å"tawny vapor† mentioned in the first line, can be compared to the fog and smoke experienced on the battlefield. This implies that though she is far from her husband they are still connected. It could also symbolise the isolating, physical effects that a dense fog would have on you. Pathetic fallacy is used throughout the poem to portray the emotions felt by the wife. Thick fog often has a confusing affect on people and the atmosphere it creates is felt by the reader. In the line â€Å"The street lamp glimmers cold† the lamp going cold could represent the death of her husband and possibly her fading hopes for his return. The use of harsh sounds like ‘cold’ and ‘crack‘ can be compared to the sound of a gun shot. The next verse begins with the use of hard onomatopoeia â€Å"knock cracks†. The harsh sounds are in contrast to the soporific language of the first verse. The telegram tells her that her husband has died in South Africa â€Å"He has fallen in the far South Land†. The dashes could show how she read the telegram. The story then moves on in time â€Å"‘Tis the morrow†, the second section showing the next day. The thick fog that is mentioned, gives the idea that she is confused and isolated from the world around her. The line â€Å"His hand, whom the worm now knows† leaves the distressing image of her husband’s body decaying in the ground with the worms. This is in stark contrast to the next line â€Å"Fresh-firm-penned in highest feather† when he was still alive. The last three lines have a different tone to the rest of the poem. The country setting is in contrast to the initial London scene; the summer weather is in contrast to the tawny fog and the â€Å"new love that they would learn†, shows a feeling of togetherness and hopefulness for the future, which ironically will never be. Unlike A Wife In London, Vitai Lampada is a very nationalistic poem. It was written by Henry Newbolt, the most patriotic poet of his time. The poem was written in 1892, at the end of Queen Victoria’s rein. It is based on the story of a group of public school boys who are initially playing cricket. Time moves on and the same group of boys are fighting to defend the Empire. The title Vitai Lampada meaning the torch of life, reflects the patriotic message the poem gives. The first line of the poem has a calmative effect on the reader with the use of the words â€Å"breathless hush†. The words are referring to the anticipation felt before a cricket match. It could also give a ‘calm before the storm’ effect. The storm being not only the impending cricket match, but also the war. Newbolt uses the cricket match as a synonym for war. He equates valour with sportsmanship with the idea wars could follow game rules. â€Å"An hour to play and the last man in.† tells us that it’s their last chance for victory. The boys are presented as unselfish and patriotic â€Å"And it’s not for the sake of a ribboned coat†. The encouraging line â€Å"Play up! play up! and play the game!† is repeated at the end of each verse. This is a way of showing the willingness of the boys to participate, at the start of the poem in a cricket match and later in battle. Vitai Lampada highlights the fine line between being a teenager happily playing cricket on your school team and then finding yourself on a bloody battlefield defending Queen and Country. None of these boys would have been fully aware of the horrors that they would face, â€Å"The river of death has brimmed his banks† is an example of the hundreds of men that lost their lives in the war. Newbolt uses colour to portray the strong emotion felt by those fighting. ‘Red’ expresses the anger and passion of war in general. Another use of the word red, â€Å"The sand of the desert is sodden red† illustrates the amount of bloodshed caused by war. In the third verse the school is seen as a place of solidity. A place that continues to teach the same moral values throughout time, â€Å"This is the word that year by year, While in her place the school is set.† The line, â€Å"And none that hears it dare forget† could be referring to the many other boys that will go through the school and eventually leave long after the war is over. The boys won’t forget the men that fought and lost their lives in battle. Repetition is used as a way of showing comradeship between the men â€Å"Play up! play up! and play the game!† is the school moto which will see them though life. In Tennyson’s The Charge of the Light Brigade, the use of the repetitious line â€Å"Rode the six hundred† at the end of each verse, also gives a feel of pride and comradeship. The poem that had the most impact on me was A Wife In London. One of the main reasons for this was the fact that it’s from a womans perspective. I can identify more closely to a woman who isn’t taking part in the fighting, as opposed to a man who is fighting in battle. The language used in A Wife In London has a mournful effect on the reader. Although the other poems are strident in their parlance, A Wife In London still manages to be powerful in its over all calming use of language. I particularly like the use of rhyme as I feel it helps the poem flow. Thomas Hardy has structured the poem in a very clever way, using sections to symbolize different times. I thought the metering used throughout the poem complimented the rhyming scheme. The other poems I analysed, The Charge of the Light Brigade and Vitai Lampada were, if Im being honest, much more difficult for me to empathise with. Although I appreciate the sentiment behind the words, I found that ‘flashing sabres’ and ‘sodden red’ dessert sands were ‘not really my cup of tea’. This didn’t make it more difficult for me to anaylse, but it did affect my over all enjoyment. I preferred the more subtle choice of language in the two poems by Thomas Hardy.

Advertising Board of the Philippines Essay Example for Free

Advertising Board of the Philippines Essay The Advertising Board of the Philippines, also known as Adboard is composed of eight national organizations involved in advertising that are unified together to uphold the progress of Philippine advertising through self-regulation. Being the umbrella organization of the advertising industry, its mission is to practice world class advertising along with advocating professional ethics through responsible and truthful advertising. Adboard was formerly known as the Philippine Board of Advertising. The board was formed as a result of a series of meetings in 1973 by leaders in the advertising industry. They felt the urge to commit themselves in creating a committee to achieve their goal in serving the interests of the nation. The Board was established on May 3, 1974. ADBOARD, being the mother and umbrella association of TEN (10) member-associations such as OAAP, PANA, 4As, ASAP, UPMG, IBA, MORES, IMMAP, MSAP and CAAP, also has its own Standards of Trade Practices and Conduct representing the trade practices from various advertising sectors, with which OAAP is the only recognized outdoor advertising association. The Adboard seal is symbolic of the 5 areas of endeavor engaged in by the nine (9) associations comprising AdBoard; advertiser, advertising agency, media, advertising services sector and the consumer sector. The 5 elements are shown as adjacent circles, which symbolize unity and harmony. They appear to be in motion which depicts vitality and dynamism. The background is a deep blue field which symbolizes social consciousness and service to country. Adboard promotes truthful and informative advertising for the benefit of consumers and the public in general and upgrades the practice of advertising in order to develop public confidence in advertised products and services and in the credibility of advertising as an economic activity. It also strengthens the effectiveness of the industry’s self-regulations and enhances professional relationship and to promote greater cooperation among the various sectors of the industry. Adboard develops industry awareness and commitment to its social responsibilities, including the promotion of values and lastly, to enhance the industry’s contribution to economic progress and in nation-building.

Approaches to Adult Learning

Approaches to Adult Learning Annotated Overview The focus of this writing will be on the themes of the assigned chapter readings for Week 6. These chapter reading from Learning in Adulthood: A Comprehensive Guide was in the following chapters: 8, 9, and 10. This paper will also include additional learning resources (media video and instructors notes) and will outline points of interests gained from their viewing and reading. Week 5 Annotated Chapter Assignment This weeks study involved our reading of three chapters, viewing two media videos and article reading. This paper will touch on the points of interest that resonated with me in my reading as well as thoughts that I explored from the supportive learning resources (media video and instructors notes). The paper will conclude with a summary/discussion of what was gained through this learning experience and discuss ways this learning can be implemented. Understanding and Facilitating Adult Learning: A Comprehensive Approach Chapter 8 Theme The overall theme of this chapter highlighted an integrated approach to learning which shows the synergistic connection and combination of the mind, body, and spirit in learning called embodied learning. It also discussed the significance of learning through storytelling and heightened learning outcomes of narrative teaching. This section will address the points of interests that inspired to onto further study. Narrative Learning There are events that happen in our life which are unique. Some are uniquely dull and some can be uniquely exciting. However, the case each has a unique storyline that when told can help others to better understand and know something of the storytellers world that may lead to a significant discovery in their own. The writer points out that Narrative knowing are not so much driven to find out more about the tangible outcomes of an event: its facts, logic and such, than they are about discovering meaning, and gaining understanding of the same event (Merriam, Baumgartner, Caffarella, 2007). Narrative Learning Formats. The writer pointed out that that narratives as a conduit for learning comes in three distinct formats which are storying the curriculum, storytelling, and autobiography (Merriam et al., 2007). Overall as Foote points out the stories told through narrative learning be it a story with connotations that are based on culture, tradition, social or spiritual implications each has been in its unique way the means of knowledge impartation since time began (Foote, 2015). Educationally, storytelling provides the presenter with a powerful means of helping the learner to make salient connections which improves the learning experience. Narrative Learning, Adult Development, Transformational Learning. I appreciated what the writer stated concerning life narratives being a retrospective activity that is continually in the process of revealing itself unfolding. For when one views life from a narrative perspective the result leads to empowerment. This happens because its not what happens to anyone that matters it how the event it translated that matters (Merriam et al., 2007). My thoughts are, re-storying based that is devoid of the positives found even in the most negative of situations seriously retards ones transformative development. Nemec says that in stating that a transformation which shifts one perspective is not always easy because there is a cause for disequilibrium in ones life. However, if one chooses to, one can regain a new balance in life from what is learned through that life experience by changings ones perspective of the issue at hand (Nemec, 2012). Chapter 9 Theme The theme of this chapter encourages one to take on the perspective of learning and knowing by using lenses of no-westerners. In this way one is better suited to understand the dynamics of the meaning of ones learning and knowing is based solely by the beholder and not on ones location. This section will address the points of interests concerning which I found to be enlightening The Western/Non-Western Dichotomy, Culture, and Indigenous Knowledge According to the writer in order to fully appreciate the differences in western and nonwestern learning and knowledge one must take in deliberation the following perceptions: Western versus non-Western, culture and indigenous knowledge (Merriam et al., 2007). Western/Non-Western Dichotomy. According to Merriam, many non-westerners do not accept the false narrative typically held by some in the west concerning the promotion of the assumption that westerners learning and knowledge is superior to all others (Merriam et al., 2007). The cited writer points out that what is thought of as western knowledge is often traced to classical Greek culture (Paul Pedersen, 1980). Culture. Merriam points that culture can be defined as a representational manifestation of the shared behavior and meaning held by a same group of people (Merriam et al., 2007). Cultures from East Asians are known for their renowned ability to pay attention on a global and local level. In comparison to their western counterparts, the west is no match. A plausible reason for that is in how each culture implicitly obtains diverse knowledge and process the information. (Qiufang Fu, Zoltan Dienes, Junchen Shang, Xiaolan Fu, 2013). Indigenous Knowledge. Cultural knowledge and learning is that which is shared within a group. Analogous to that definition is indigenous knowledge but on a larger scale. This is knowledge that is known as local knowledge that is generated and shared, by a group of people, over a period but within a specific geographic and historic region. This is knowledge is community-based and supported knowledge that deals directly with local issues within the region for the betterment of the community(Merriam et al., 2007). Chapter 10 Theme The theme of this chapter looks at learning from the context of learning taking place on a more global perspective within society. The chapter looked at the working of power and various other learning themes. This section will touch on aspects that I found interesting. Critical Theory and Adult Learning According to Merriam, when one compares andragogy and transformational learning, are unaware of the potential that lies within the potentially of critical theory potential. The vastness of topic of this theory surrounding adult learning, lends itself to further examination of the concepts that impact adult education. I found the following to be interesting reads: reflective discourse and the seven learning tasks involved with critical theory. Ideal Conditions for Reflective Discourse. Merriam cites Habermas stating that as a form a form of knowledge Habermass ideal conditions for reflective discourse, closely resembles it. The forms of knowledge being technical, practical and emancipatory knowledge(Merriam et al., 2007). Merriam goes on to state that according to Mezirow, when two are in discussion if there is no doubting the authenticity of what is being shared or the truthfulness of the speaker, or how appropriate the information is in light of relevant norms, one is prone to seek the best judgment of one that is judged to be informed, objective, and rational (Merriam et al., 2007) Critical Thinking. Merriam states that because lifeworld and the system interconnect it would behoove one to critically focus ones attention on the concerted workings of the two. Merriam goes on to quote Collins (1995) stating that, The juxtaposition of lifeworld and system concepts is clearly significant in enabling us to think deeply and realistically about the systemic blockages to the achievement of a more fully democratized society' (Merriam et al., 2007). Bohman and Rehg (2014) point out that Habermass criteria there are four conditions when applied to interactions of discourse between adults that are at play that would result in authentic discussion. They go on to state that crux of Habermass Theory of Discourse is expression of valid facts and information that is based purely on the merits of a disinterested pursuit of truth (Bohman Rehg, 2014). This holds true in an any interchange involving rational adults who are sharing truth from a level personal knowledge and understanding while at the same time seeking mutuality of understanding and knowledge. Integrating the main themes The chapter readings for week six gave me a better sense of self-involvement in learning. Whereas the tone of week five reading was on the role of facilitation in the learning process; the implications in the statement of one being personally involved in learning was spoken loud and clear throughout week six chapters. In reflecting on the theories and principles of transformative learning I can say that one of the enlightenments that I take away is through the means that transformative learning, ones internal and external awareness is enhanced within that transformative learning experience. What I mean by that is, I learned that learning is more than just sitting in a room assimilating data. Cohen points out, that when one embodies the learning the learning experience, there is an opportunity created where any portion of the information being received can connect with meaning that initiates ones conscious awareness that brings about a reflective moment which ushers in a revelation of ones higher self. Transparently speaking, this reading brought up some thoughts that I had not previously considered. Consequently, these three eye-opening chapters demand a deeper review and reflection on my part, if for nothing else than for the sake of growth through perspective changing and social enlightenment, which is the message I felt the writer was conveying within these three chapters. Incorporating Media and Instructor Notes The video, New Approach to Learning was an expose on the creator of Khan Academy. He is a former Hedge Fund analysis who started a free on line e-learning you tube website. This is a unique approach to sharing information with others that assister the self-directed learner supporting their ongoing learning settings. The presenter points out that his approach is simple and effective and attracts the attention of youth and adult learners around the world. The benefit of this approach to learning is that the learner can have ready access for a variety of learning event while learning at their pace. Mr. Khan points out that according to research information the length of the content is at the right amount that facilities learning. The presenter also brought in a interviewee who expressed how this type of learning is a valuable asset to locations around the world that may not have access to any formal or informal means of education (Vantage Siam Co., 2011). The video, Gen Y New Approaches to Learning Training was interview centered on Generation Y and their approach to learning. The interviewee pointed out the demographic range of this new type of learner and the desires of the Gen Y group of learners to be taught in accordance to the technological society we live in. They want to be free in their ability to use the knowledge with the technology they have grown up with as compared to previous generations who did not have similar types of access. Both the interviewer and interviewee agreed that the responsibility of the teacher is to move away from former methods to incorporate this new desire for learning by making it easy for student involvement and encourages participation. This move will not only affect the present generation but it will prepare them for the upcoming one Gen Z.(Award1956s channel, 2010). The video, Koren Alberich on New Approaches to Learning was interview on three examples of learning using alternate reality games and virtual worlds. The interviewee explained how the games and worlds can be made to adapt to any environment and setting. Each can be structured to simulate desired learning outcomes. Two salient outcomes of these new approaches are: 1) the scalability. The environments and settings can meet any size of learning audience, 2) as for the use of virtual worlds they can be create real-time global location via internet that can bring global locations into one location (Clarey, 2011) Conclusion The overall thought of this weeks lesson has been an approach to learning that has helped me in synthesizing my life to what has been presented within these three chapters, as well to the previous lessons. Subjects like the principles of embodied learning with its lesson on spiritual and narrative learning are very insightful. I am a Pastor of a small congregation and I teach using the preaching method of expository preaching. After reading about narrative learning I have added storytelling as an element of preaching to help the listener gain a richer understanding of the content of my message. This is one example of how I have applied what I am learning. I believe that knowing and not applying what one knows means that knowledge remains as theoretical information. However, when that same knowledge is put into action then it takes on another essence, by becoming reality in the life of the one that has applied it. As I further reflect on what take away from the chapter dealing with Le arning and knowing I now look at with I know and have learned through new lenses. Taking others perspectives, especially other cultures, will be hard to do. That is if one is not willing to, at the least, empathetically look at life from someone elses perspective. I agree with the chapter writer concerning our western egotism when it comes to learning that inders us in that aspect. Our pride should not be the thing that keeps us from learning and knowing from other cultures. The truth is, in many cases other cultures have truly learned and know more than our does. Any barrier to intellectual growth must be overcome if we as a whole world round if we are to grow together. And as barriers, such as cultural pride and others come down that gives way to areas of growth in realms such as meaningful dialog brought about by the ethos of critical theory, as well as acceptance of ideals founded in postmodern and feminist perspectives. When approached with a mindset of open-mindedness, these theories and concepts are enlightening and the means of growth. Light makes things grow. Needless to say, I feel I have grown to have a deeper appreciation for what I have experienced thus far and look forward to what more is to come. References Award1956s channel (Producer), Award1956s channel (Director). (2010, December 8,). Gen Y new approaches to learning training. [Video/DVD] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o-SXIdXMqeA Bohman, J., Rehg, W. (2014). JÃ ¼rgen habermas. Retrieved from https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/habermas/#HabDisThe Clarey, J. (Producer), Clarey, J. (Director). (2011, April 22,). Koreen olbrish on new approaches to learning. [Video/DVD] Foote, L. S. (2015). Re-storying life as a means of critical reflection: The power of narrative learning. Christian Higher Education, 14(3), 116-126. doi:10.1080/15363759.2015.1028580 Merriam, S. B., Baumgartner, L., Caffarella, R. S. (2007). Learning in adulthood (3. ed. ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Nemec, P. B. (2012). Transformative learning. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 35(6), 478-479. doi:10.1037/h0094585 Paul, Pedersen. (1980). The cultural boundaries of education and non-eastern alternatives.1 Retrieved from http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/014303438000100507 Qiufang Fu, Zoltan Dienes, Junchen Shang, Xiaolan Fu. (2013). Who learns more? cultural differences in implicit sequence learning. PLoS One, 8(8) doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071625 Vantage Siam Co., L. (Producer), Vantage Siam Co., L. (Director). (2011, 15 July). New approaches to learning. [Video/DVD]

St. Johns Wort and Depression :: Psychology Health Essays

St. John's Wort and Depression What is St. John's Wort? St. John's Wort scientifically known as Hypericum Perforatum, an herbal remedy generally used to treat depression, is making a rise throughout Europe and the United States. St. John's Wort is a perennial plant that produces abundant yellow flowers and grows naturally throughout much of the world, including specifically in northern California, southern Oregon, and Colorado. It usually flowers on â€Å"sunlight hills and forest edges† during the summer, between June and August. It was named after St. John the Baptist and is often harvested and in full bloom around St. John's Day, June 24. History of St. John's Wort St. John’s Wort has been in use for about 2400 years and has been utilized for many different purposes throughout history. Some of these less modern uses have been nerve tonic, painkiller, including effectiveness for relieving arthritis pain and menstrual cramping, and relief for gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea, nausea, and more serious problems like ulcers. Now it is becoming more common as a remedy for depression and anxiety but is simultaneously being tested as a possible type of assistance for AIDS patients because it appears to help the immune system combat viruses. St. John's Wort as an antidepressant One out of every 20 Americans will become depressed this year. This is obviously a very major and serious problem. St. John’s Wort’s main ingredient, hypericin, is what appears to help alleviate mild to moderate depression, although not much is known about whether or not it proves helpful in severe depression. Hypericin is the red pigment of the plant and it seems to inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO) and the breakdown of the brain’s neurotransmitters and is also a SRI, serotonin reuptake inhibitor. However, according to Jean Carper in Miracle Cures, â€Å"recent research finds hypericin less potent an antidepressant than the whole plant extract itself, suggesting the herb’s complex mixture of chemicals, including xanthones and flavonoids, also are critical in the plant’s pharmacological benefits†. St. John’s Wort is becoming increasingly popular mostly due to the lack of side effects. Other prescription antidepressants such as Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil often produce effects like weight loss, sexual dysfunction, and insomnia. In a controlled study of St. John’s Wort, only 2. St. John's Wort and Depression :: Psychology Health Essays St. John's Wort and Depression What is St. John's Wort? St. John's Wort scientifically known as Hypericum Perforatum, an herbal remedy generally used to treat depression, is making a rise throughout Europe and the United States. St. John's Wort is a perennial plant that produces abundant yellow flowers and grows naturally throughout much of the world, including specifically in northern California, southern Oregon, and Colorado. It usually flowers on â€Å"sunlight hills and forest edges† during the summer, between June and August. It was named after St. John the Baptist and is often harvested and in full bloom around St. John's Day, June 24. History of St. John's Wort St. John’s Wort has been in use for about 2400 years and has been utilized for many different purposes throughout history. Some of these less modern uses have been nerve tonic, painkiller, including effectiveness for relieving arthritis pain and menstrual cramping, and relief for gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea, nausea, and more serious problems like ulcers. Now it is becoming more common as a remedy for depression and anxiety but is simultaneously being tested as a possible type of assistance for AIDS patients because it appears to help the immune system combat viruses. St. John's Wort as an antidepressant One out of every 20 Americans will become depressed this year. This is obviously a very major and serious problem. St. John’s Wort’s main ingredient, hypericin, is what appears to help alleviate mild to moderate depression, although not much is known about whether or not it proves helpful in severe depression. Hypericin is the red pigment of the plant and it seems to inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO) and the breakdown of the brain’s neurotransmitters and is also a SRI, serotonin reuptake inhibitor. However, according to Jean Carper in Miracle Cures, â€Å"recent research finds hypericin less potent an antidepressant than the whole plant extract itself, suggesting the herb’s complex mixture of chemicals, including xanthones and flavonoids, also are critical in the plant’s pharmacological benefits†. St. John’s Wort is becoming increasingly popular mostly due to the lack of side effects. Other prescription antidepressants such as Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil often produce effects like weight loss, sexual dysfunction, and insomnia. In a controlled study of St. John’s Wort, only 2.

The Physics of Scales :: Physics Weight Scale Essays

The Physics of Scales To the dismay of some and a necessity for others, scales can be found about everywhere in today’s society. It never fails; if you go to the doctor you will step on the scale. They are at the grocery store, in most bathrooms and even in some of our favorite stores. Were we might even pay a quarter to have a machine tell us our weight, out loud. We as a society are obsessed with our weight. You’re asked for your weight when renewing your driver’s license. Every time you get in an elevator and see the little sign saying do not exceed *** lbs, the quarter-pounder with cheese and milkshake you ate for lunch, is brought back to your memory. A scale receives more mental and physical abuse than any other appliance that has ever been invented. All this abuse stems from a lesson each of use were taught at a young age, which is that we should always tell the truth. Well let’s look a little deeper into the scale and see the physics involved in how two different typesà ¢â‚¬â„¢ of scales weigh objects. There are two general kinds of scales. The first is a spring scale and the other type uses a load cell to electronically register a weight. Spring scales are the most common type of scale. The scale in your bathroom and those found in the produce department of your favorite grocery store are examples of spring scales. This summer when you go to weigh that fat juicy watermelon, think about the mechanics of how the scale works. The basket is attached to a spring that stretches in response to the weight of the melon or other objects placed in it. The weight of the melon creates a downward force. This causes the spring to stretch and increase its upward force, which equalizes the difference between the two forces. As the spring is stretched, a dial calibrated to the spring registers a weight. When designing scales one needs to take into account that every spring has a different spring constant (k). Bloomfield (1997) defines k as â€Å"a measure of the spring’s stiffness. The larger the spring constant-that is, the stiffer the spring-the larger the restoring forces the spring exerts† (p. 82). In analyzing the force associated with a certain spring, whether it is in you pen or under your truck, Hooke’s Law applies. The Physics of Scales :: Physics Weight Scale Essays The Physics of Scales To the dismay of some and a necessity for others, scales can be found about everywhere in today’s society. It never fails; if you go to the doctor you will step on the scale. They are at the grocery store, in most bathrooms and even in some of our favorite stores. Were we might even pay a quarter to have a machine tell us our weight, out loud. We as a society are obsessed with our weight. You’re asked for your weight when renewing your driver’s license. Every time you get in an elevator and see the little sign saying do not exceed *** lbs, the quarter-pounder with cheese and milkshake you ate for lunch, is brought back to your memory. A scale receives more mental and physical abuse than any other appliance that has ever been invented. All this abuse stems from a lesson each of use were taught at a young age, which is that we should always tell the truth. Well let’s look a little deeper into the scale and see the physics involved in how two different typesà ¢â‚¬â„¢ of scales weigh objects. There are two general kinds of scales. The first is a spring scale and the other type uses a load cell to electronically register a weight. Spring scales are the most common type of scale. The scale in your bathroom and those found in the produce department of your favorite grocery store are examples of spring scales. This summer when you go to weigh that fat juicy watermelon, think about the mechanics of how the scale works. The basket is attached to a spring that stretches in response to the weight of the melon or other objects placed in it. The weight of the melon creates a downward force. This causes the spring to stretch and increase its upward force, which equalizes the difference between the two forces. As the spring is stretched, a dial calibrated to the spring registers a weight. When designing scales one needs to take into account that every spring has a different spring constant (k). Bloomfield (1997) defines k as â€Å"a measure of the spring’s stiffness. The larger the spring constant-that is, the stiffer the spring-the larger the restoring forces the spring exerts† (p. 82). In analyzing the force associated with a certain spring, whether it is in you pen or under your truck, Hooke’s Law applies.

Reading & Writing Habits Essay

I really don’t read or write that often. I have probably read about a total of ten books throughout my entire life. I usually read for about one hour of accumulated time during a day. When I read it is usually something online from websites such as ESPN.com. I read things that are interesting to my mind like sports. Some fictional pieces aren’t bad too. When I am reading about sports I soak up the information and stories like a sponge with water. This happens because I have loved sports since I was about five years old. I need to learn how to apply the same ability when I read things that aren’t interesting to me. Sometimes I will read slower and maybe even take notes so I can remember and understand boring things to me. The only time I ever write is if I am texting on my phone or typing on the computer. When I text on the phone I don’t use good grammar, punctuation, or spelling. The reason I write so improperly on texts is for the speed and my friends usually understand what I am saying without it having to be proper. The typing on the computer I do is usually for school so I do proof read and revise items for mistakes. When I am writing for assignments in school it isn’t free writing that just comes from my mind. I have to do research and put work into the writings which isn’t fun. I like free writing whatever is on my mind. I would like to start writing because it is something new to do. Instead of doing the same old thing when I am bored, I can write. Writing can be relaxing and it can exercise the mind. Hopefully taking an English class in college will urge me start writing and reading more books to further my skills in reading and writing. Our English teacher Dr. Roy-Davis expects us to write regularly, she writes, â€Å"at least one draft or essay each we ek† (Roy-Davis). This would be huge change to me considering I don’t write any essays at all. If I start writing an essay every week it would most likely be about the events that happened to me during the week. Sometimes the essay might be exciting which would mean something good happened in my life. Other times I might have trouble writing something which means my week sucked. She says, â€Å"writing requires discipline† (Roy-Davis). One example is being able to sit in one place and think of sentences for long periods of time. That sounds kind of boring to me but if it helps me become a better writer I am willing to do whatever it takes. I have to set my own goals according to Dr. Roy-Davis. She suggests, â€Å"four hours a week in two hour sessions† (Roy-Davis). My time is very limited since I have a busy schedule due to work and school. I will try to start with that goal but I might have to change it if I start slacking in other things in my life. Dr. Roy-Davis states, â€Å" the most important skill of writing I can teach you is reading† (Roy-Davis). I would agree that reading is very important to writing because it influences the way you write. If you’re a strong reader you’re most likely a strong writer. The more someone reads they pick up on ways to write. Their pieces will sound more articulate and professional than before they became a strong reader. Reading and writing help each other through revision. Noted in the book Ways of Reading by David Bartholomae and Anthony Petrosky, â€Å"once you have completed a draft of your essay, you can step back, see what you have done, and go back to work on it. Through this activity-writing and rewriting-we have seen our students become strong, active, and critical readers† (Bartholomae 4). I agree with this completely because when I first write drafts I don’t even realize all the grammar, punctuation, and spelling mistakes that I make. When I go back and revise it I take note of these mistakes and correct them. This makes me become a better reader and writer. Becoming a better reader and writer through revising allows me to be more time efficient on essays(less drafts) and the overall product(final essay) sound better when reading it. Bartholomae and Petrosky also mention that you can read with the grain or against the grain. In their book Ways of Reading, Bartholomae and Petrosky wrote â€Å"To read generously, to work inside someone else’s system, to see your world in some else’s terms-we call this â€Å"reading with the grain†Ã¢â‚¬  (Bartholomae 10). To read against the grain, is to read critically, to turn back, to ask questions they believe might come as a surprise, to look for the limits of the author’s vision, to provide alternate readings, to find examples that challenge the argument, to engage in dialogue.† I tend to read with the grain, when I read sports stories I am usually in agreement with the author’s piece and seeing their point of view. Same with books too, I put myself in the author’s system and try to realize where they are coming from. I don’t read against the grain too often unless it is something that I totally disagree with. Most of the time the pieces that I read I don’t challenge or argue with because I tend to think the author know what he/she is talking about. Instead of challenge the author I try to see where their point of view is coming from therefore I read with the grain than against. I am willing to be more open and try to start reading against the grain though. I need to start asking â€Å"why† to some of the things I read. My whole goal is to change my reading and writing habits for the better. I want to expand my knowledge in the skills of reading and writing. By learning habits from Dr. Roy-Davis, Bartholomae, and Petrosky I can be more creative with writings and be able to read upper level material. With the habits I have had in reading and writing throughout my life I haven’t gotten very far in English classes. I agree with Dr. Roy-Davis, Bartholomae, and Petrosky with these new habits and I need to start following them. I am determined to change my habits to become a superior reading and writer. Work Cited Bartholomae, David; Petrosky, Anthony. â€Å"Ways of Reading.† An Anthology for Writers. 9th Ed. Bedford/St. Martin’s. Boston; New York, 2011. 1-19. Print Roy-Davis, Dr. â€Å"Engl 1301 Course Description.† 2011.

Should Higher Education Be Made Available to All

Education is a channel to understand the real world better and whether this education should be provided to the students by the universities should be free or not, is one of the most debated topics over last many decades. In the today's fast growing civilization this education has become everyone's necessity to survive. Everyone understands the value of education in their lives; hence they compete hard to get the best of the education. So to give this education free to some students would be an injustice on the part of the others. Therefore, from my perspective education should not be given by the universities free of cost. In my opinion, if the students will not pay for their education then who would pay for that, is a big question that requires an immediate solution. Thus it can create further confusions in the society. For example, if the government would pay for students' education then they will extract the money from public only by increasing the taxes and this can further complicate the situation. Another reason is that to get education from good universities students usually take some kinds of loans, which I feel, make them more serious towards their studies and responsible so that they can clear the debts in future. Therefore, education received by giving money stands more value to them as they have sacrificed something to get that education. The third reason is that the money universities take from the students is used by the universities for the upliftment of the university's standard only. The university utilize this money to pay the teachers, to introduce most recent advances in all the aspects of education like getting new equipments in laboratories, building new classes with more advanced technologies, new books for the libraries, new hostels etc. Nevertheless, the proc ess of financial support through Bank Loans, Philanthropic Trusts, Corporate Social Responsibility funds and a National kitty should be augmented and structured and worthy candidates screened well through a competency based selection process should be supported. Making higher education free for all will only dilute the standard of education. The impact of this on society at large is not difficult to visualize. We just need to think about Doctors, Engineers, Pilots, Architects and Pharmacists, to just name a few, who may come out from our colleges with free education, where they have not put anything on stake, participated wholly in all kinds of college level politics and hooliganism, and then sit down to treat serious patients or build bridges, buildings and industries, or fly an aircraft with hundreds of lives at stake or even make medicines with complex chemicals only to damage the lives of so many innocent citizens, who have trusted their University degrees. Therefore , in my opinion universities should not provide education for free because the amount they get from the students is used for the welfare of the students only because it has been seen before also that universities that provide education for free are lower in standards compared to universities taking an appropriate amount of money from the students. I believe, that there is no good thing that we can get for free in the world.

A balanced approach Essay

It is our main concern to keep children safe from harm. Doing this can be very hard, as at the same time we need to encourage children and young people to experience risk and challenges. If we try to remove all risks from children’s lives we could be restricting their learning experiences. Some risks obviously need to be avoided, otherwise we wouldn’t be competent in our role of caring for children and young people. Obviously the risks we allow children and young people to take should be appropriate to age, needs and ability, and a balanced approach should apply. We should not be excessively risk adverse and encourage children to have more independence, therefore creating more confidence. By allowing children to use and access certain equipment such as a trim trail or climbing frame, and giving them rules and boundaries to follow whilst using the equipment allows them to take certain risks without taking excessive risks. See more: The Issues Concerning Identity Theft Essay The children that I work with understand that when they are allowed access to the trim trail, they must follow the rules. There have been instances when children have not followed the rules and then have ended up with minor injuries from falling. Children now know that if the rules are not followed they will be removed from the activity on that occasion. However, by allowing children and young people to take certain risks, we must also remember to avoid excessive risk taking, for example, we should encourage children not to swing on chairs, and always demonstrate to children and young people how to use equipment correctly, i.e. scissors. It is very important your children and young people to be given the opportunity to take risks and challenges in order for them to develop a sense of self awareness. They need to understand the importance of potential risks to themselves and others around them. Children need to be encouraged to think about what risks may arise and how they can be avoi ded, and how they may impact on others and themselves.

Experimental Hypnosis

Hypnosis is defined as â€Å"A trancelike state resembling sleep, usually induced by a therapist by focusing a subject's attention, that heightens the subject's receptivity to suggestion. The uses of hypnosis in medicine and psychology include recovering repressed memories, modifying or eliminating undesirable behavior (such as smoking), and treating certain chronic disorders, such as anxiety† (American Heritage, 2012). Its name comes from the Greek language â€Å"hypnos† meaning sleep. Hypnosis is a natural state of mind.This state of mind is known as hyper- suggestibility where a subject is more prone to change if guided by the hypnotherapist in the direction of his desire. While in this hyper- suggestible state, the mind has the power to change an association, get rid of old pains or accept new behaviors. The first to start studying the use of hypnosis was Franz Anton Mesmner in 1700, a Swiss medical doctor that noticed that patients with pains responded very well to inductions of sleep, which allowed them to lower their pains. A revision of Mesmer’s theories was made by the English Doctor James Braid.He coined the name hypnosis, and that is why he is regarded as the father of hypnosis. Dr. Braid used hypnosis extensively in his medical practice. Sigmund Freud also used hypnosis and was impressed by the therapeutic potential of hypnosis for neurotic disorders, but his focus on the mysterious element of sexual nature made him abandon it for psychoanalysis, and with the beginning of psychoanalysis the focus on hypnosis started to decline. In 1958 the American Medical Association recognized hypnosis as a legitimate cure in medicine.In May 2001, at the Australian Medical Association, Dr.  K Phelps stated, â€Å"as evidence emerges that some complementary medicines are effective, then it becomes ethically impossible for the medical profession to ignore them† (Cowen, 2004). In this statement she is referring to some alternative medici ne practices including hypnosis. The mind is the power behind it all, and hypnosis guides this power to heal mind, body and soul; thus hypnosis is a useful tool to cure mental disorders. Hypnosis should be used more often in psychological treatment because it is an effective, safe and proven tool.Hypnosis was proved to be effective by several Doctors and therapists in the field. It all started with Mesmer and his animal magnetism. He noticed that by passing his hands close to the body to allow the â€Å"magnetic fluid† to flow from his fingertips into the client’s body, he could restore balance and health, and it only took three sessions for a diseased person to heal. People were amazed by how clients would be cured from incurable conditions, but Mesmer clashed with the medical field when a client cured of blindness relapsed. Then he moved to Paris where he practiced magnetism.James Braid was an English surgeon and writer on hypnotism. He is the one that coined the nam e hypnosis and demonstrated that it was not animal magnetism, but it was just achieved by suggestion. His writings are what led to future research and development of hypnosis and the investigation of what was later called the unconscious mind (E. Hilgard, 1984). Milton Erickson, the founder of Hypnocounseling, was a major influence in practices of counseling and psychotherapy, and his methods are without doubt the fasted growing in the western world in the field of psychotherapy.He was also one of the most prominent founders of neurolinguistic programming (NLP). He was also very influential in the in family and brief systemic therapy model of the Mental Health Research Institute. His work has been so original and creative that he was nicknamed â€Å"Mr. Hypnosis† (Gunnison, H. , 1990). He also was the founder and first president of the American Society for Clinical Hypnosis, as well as the first editor of its journal. Erickson goal was to give back to their clients their pers onal power and control over their lives with the use of â€Å"implied directive language.†Instead of saying, â€Å"Sit back in the chair, relax, and listen to my voice†, he would say: â€Å"You can sit back in the chair and you might even relax and listen to my voice. † â€Å"The word can suggests that you have the ability to sit back in your chair and also sets up an implied choice, that ‘you can choose to sit back in the chair, if you want to-or not’† (Gunnison, H. , 1990). â€Å"The use of words such as can, might, could, and possibly makes for communication that remains tentative, open, highly respectful of the client’s world and wishes, and implying client choice and power.IDL exists at the heart of hypnocounseling. † (Gunnison, H. , 1990). His hypnotic language was focused on enabling the clients to believe that they could change, since the root of all people’s problem is that they do not know how to change and they do not think they can change. But Erickson knew that changing is easy; the way to make it happen is for the person to believe they can change and to make a â€Å"choice,† to make the â€Å"decision† to change. Without that permission the mind will always keep the old program because the subconscious mind follows orders and past decisions like a slave.It will not change because one hopes to change or because one wants to change. It only changes when one tells it to change, when one makes that important decision like: I decided to quit smoking; I am doing it today; I decided to let go of all past hurts and to be happy now; I choose to be a success regardless of what others think of me, and so on. In order to enable the client Erickson would use suggestions such as: â€Å"You can begin to change when you choose implies that you have the ability to change and the presupposition denotes, of course, that you will when you choose to.This is an effective strategy for changin g perceptions† (Gunnison, H. , 1990). Another of his powerful suggestions is: â€Å"You can now curiously take this time to wonder about different ways to change. Isn’t it exciting to realize that you have the power to choose different ways of being? † (Gunnison, H. , 1990) (The italicized words will be said with a higher or lower tone of voice to emphasize them. Another successful technique is called Reframing. â€Å"Reframing represents the idea that individuals can â€Å"break out of limiting misconceptions to a broader understanding of human possibilities† (Gunnison, H., 1990).A picture will look totally different in a pink frame or in a black frame. In order to accomplish this, Erickson would use techniques like: â€Å"You know I can hear your sadness and loss and at the same time I sense a very deep courage inside of you that you can draw upon. Isn’t it interesting that we can discover strengths we didn’t realize we had during times o f travail and pain? † (Gunnison, H. , 1990). Hypnosis is safe. The general belief about hypnosis is that the hypnotist will be in control of the client’s mind while under hypnosis.The truth is that every form of hypnosis is a form of self-hypnosis where the hypnotist just guides the client to let go of the old associations and accept new ones. The heightened concentration created by hypnosis makes resource retrieval and association easier for the client's Adult and Child. Hypnosis allows the client to effortlessly shift attention to supportive ego states and build strong associations between each of them and offers the resources the Child needs to maintain the re-decision†(Singer, W. B. , 1952).Change is a much easier process under hypnosis, where the mind is more suggestible and open to change than during the wakening state where the mind is protecting itself from change. The way the session works is that the hypnotist tests responsiveness to find out the level o f susceptibility with suggestibility techniques. The session starts with the induction technique that allows the client to enter the hypnotic state; deepening techniques are then used to facilitate a deeper state of hypnosis and therefore of susceptibility.While the client is in this deeper state, the hypnotist will use hypnotic suggestions to attempt to create new associations in the client’s mind while allowing old unwanted associations to be removed. There are many things the hypnotist can do while the client is in this state. A very successful technique is the abreaction extinction technique. This technique is very useful for people that had small or big traumas that created a mental or psychosomatic scar. This metaphorical â€Å"scar† is the one responsible, most of the time, for client’s disorders like depression, anxiety, guilt and sabotaging behavior, addictions, and so on.The abreaction happens when the hypnotist asks the subconscious mind to bring up a significant emotional event that hurt and caused the particular issue that the client wants fixed. The subconscious will bring up an image of an event or a memory that created the problem in the first place. The hypnotist can then extinguish the cause and create new associations to replace it. I had a personal experience with this last one where for nine years I suffered from debilitating, atrocious pain cramps from periods. While I was under hypnosis and I was asked for the memory to come up, a memory actually did come up.It was an event that was not that big a deal for me, but as soon as I saw that memory in my mind I thought: I must have done something wrong to deserve this. This was a phrase that continuously I would never even think about having, but my subconscious did. The skilled hypnotist removed that association and two days later I was shopping with no period cramps, something that never happened in the previous nine years. Another technique that is quite a success is th e switching technique. In this technique the clients are asked to remember an event where they felt how they would like to feel today.For a person that was happy and then got depressed, or for a person that was successful and then got broke, this is a very useful technique. The reason why is that many people are happy as they grow up; as kids they play, and their parents take care of the bills and protect them from harm, and everything is wonderful. One day, as grown ups, they get a bad experience. The husband dies, they lose their business or their home, somebody steals from them, and the clients start developing mental distortions or disorders or even start suffering from psychosomatic diseases.With this technique the hypnotist can easily re-create the old association in the client’s mind by simply switching the bad association with the old new one. The clients will then be back to the old happy people they wanted to continue to be. At the end the clients are slowly awakene d. One of the best and most powerful hypnotic techniques is the post-hypnotic suggestion technique. This was greatly used in the Veterans Administration Hospital, Vancouver, Washington, where there were very few beds available and many requests for them.Therefore the hospital adopted the use of hypnotherapy to speed up the improvement of their patients in order to free beds quickly. Patients were given post-hypnotic suggestions that when they were coming to group meetings they were going to discuss their problems and have a high level of motivational participation allowing their patients to improve faster. (Singer, W. B. , 1952). One of the most amazing post-hypnotic suggestion is the one used to change neuron pathways. For example, people that have addictions have automatic responses to triggers. They smoke after dinner, in the car, after class and so on.They have created a habit. In this case the hypnotist gives a post-hypnotic suggestion to reverse the habit. A good suggestion wo uld be: Every time you finish eating, you just enjoy the flavors in your mouth and even if you think about smoking a cigarette, you can’t, so go back to the things you need to be doing. In this post-hypnotic suggestion the clients will be amazed to see that after dinner they will try to go for the cigarette, but they will refuse it. In some hard cases the suggestion would be: Every time you put a cigarette to your mouth you experience that bad taste in your mouth as if it were puke.Of course the client needs to give permission to this suggestion, but it is very successful and many clients, as soon as they put their cigarette in their mouth, they literally will puke: That is how powerful the suggestion is. Another example of post-hypnotic suggestion is people will experience a bad event which will trigger them to become depressed, and days later they forget about the event, but still feel depressed not knowing why. In these cases the hypnotist gives a post-hypnotic suggestion that every time there is a bad event, they can still feel good and move on.Therefore, clients that are in hard life situations and still are able to handle them with a smile on their face, because the suggestion has been programmed and the mind no longer accepts being sad from outside forces. Another very useful post-hypnotic suggestion is for people that focus on problems. The mind can focus on either negative or positive, either problems or solutions. It can only think one thing at the time; therefore if people think about the problem, the mind would not give them a solution.At the same time, if the person focuses on the negative, the mind would not be able to think of the positive; hence, the person focusing on the negative will start to become depressed because the mind only sees negative. This could be represented in John Milton’s quote, â€Å"The mind is its own place, and in itself can make a heaven of hell, a hell of heaven†. In this case the post-hypnotic sugg estion would create an auto response that every time the person starts to think negative or problems, the mind will quickly just focus on solutions, focus on the positive while fixing the problem.The amazing fact is that this is all it takes to cure depression in a few sessions. This is confirmed by many therapists. One of them, Elke Kellis, wrote that the use of hypnosis has been well documented and is highly effective for depression. â€Å"Hypnosis can be useful in deepening and enhancing particular cognitive interventions such as cognitive restructuring, increasing confidence, coping better with life’s challenges, shifting focus from failure to successes, enhancing a sense of control, improving relaxation, and increasing frustration tolerance† (Kellis, E., 2011).Also, Assen Alladin from the University of Calgary Medical School, Alberta, Canada â€Å"advanced six clinical reasons for using hypnosis in treating depression: hypnosis a) amplifies subjective experience; b) serves as a powerful method for interrupting symptomatic patterns; c) facilitates experiential learning; d) helps to bridge and contextualize responses; e) provides different and more flexible models of inner reality and f) helps to establish focus of attention†. (Alladin, A. , 2010).Hypnosis could cure most people’s problems if the medical field would turn to what really works, rather than synthetic chemicals. In order to do that there needs to be a clear goal in the medical field: find the solution for each patient. This requires too much time and money and doctors need to care a great lot about their patients to switch to something more time and money consuming when they can resort to the lazy, cheap, money building â€Å"magic pill†. Therefore hypnosis is still not as widespread as other therapies.It has been disappearing for the same reason home cooking and exercise have been disappearing. Less work is what people will choose first. As Roberto A. Ingram M. D. states: â€Å"If hypnosis was as respected as morphine, it would become a tremendous weapon in the physician’s armamentarium. † (P. G. O'C. , 1998) â€Å"Hypnosis has been receiving increased attention in the medical literature. It has been considered for use in acute pain management along with a variety of disease states† (P. G. O'C. , 1998).The article â€Å"Hypnotic Analgesia Affects the Processing of Painful Stimuli,† published by the Australian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, describes some interesting findings: â€Å"Different brain mechanisms are involved in the processing of painful stimuli under hypnotic analgesia and attentional distraction instructions and support previous research findings that the differentiation of behavioral, subjective and electrophysiological responses may be a result of a dissociation between the processing of sensory information and the cognitive evaluation of that information† (Williams, J.D . , Croft, R. J. , Ferdinand, J. J. , & Gruzelier, J. H. , 2011).Hypnosis is a powerful tool in medicine. According to Hammond (2008) hypnosis is so powerful that in the 1800s James Esdaile, an English surgeon stationed in India, did open heart surgery with the sole use of hypnosis as an anesthesia. â€Å"This historic example †¦ provides powerful documentation of the ability of the mind to influence the body†. (Hammond, D. , 2008)Hypnosis is also very effective in the cure of psychosomatic diseases. Many empirical facts prove this, as in the Canadian article â€Å"Treatment of psychosomatic disorders†: â€Å"Many years ago ‘I made wide use of hypnosis for the removal of psychosomatic symptoms ‘by direct suggestion as well as for abreactive purposes. The results obtained in cases of monosymptomatic hysteria were encouraging. In patients with organ neuroses and in those with psychosomatic structural diseases†. (Wittkower, E. , 1964).Hypnotherapy is very successful in curing many diseases, and most of the diseases are psychosomatic (American Medical Association stated that 90% of diseases are indeed psychosomatic). Physicians should do more of it instead of using drugs that have high price tags and terrible side effects. However, it is more profitable and less time consuming to just give a pill that gives the effect the person wants, rather then using time and money to find the source of the problem and eradicate it.In conclusion, hypnosis is the power the heals mind, body and soul. It is a tool that has been researched for years, starting from Messner, a medical doctor in Austria, continuing with with James Braid a surgeon that gave it its name and with Erickson which created many methodologies and suggestions that were highly effective in the cure of mental and physical disorders.Hypnosis gives the therapist the ability to guide the client to remove old negative patterns with the use of abre action extinction techniques an d to replace it with positive association that will in the long run allow the client to be who he/she wants to be and also to lower stress which will improve overall health. Hypnosis is a proven tool to let go of addictions and to cure many mental and physical disorders and the world needs to be informed of its powers in order to get back in charge of its health. There is no â€Å"magic pill†; people need to cure themselves with the possible alternative tools that are out there.